![]() INTERSTITIAL FLUID ECF – Plasma Volume VOLUME MEASUREMENT OF VARIOUS FLUIDS COMPARTMETNS INTRACELLULAR FLUID TBW – ECFĬRITERIA FOR A SUITABEL DYE. C= CONCENTRATION INDIRECT METHOD – INDICATOR (DYE) DILUTION TECHNIQUE FORMULA V=A-E/C METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS PRINCIPLE HAVE TO SELECT A SUITABLE DYE OR RADIO-ISOTOPE V= VOLUME OF FLUID A= TOTAL AMOUNT OF DYE USED E= AMOUNT OF DYE EXCRETED OR LOST. VOLUME OF BODY FLUIDS IN 70 kg MAN TOTAL VOLUME 42 L INTRA CELLUAR FLUID 28 L (ROUGHLY 2/3 OF TBW) EXTRA CELLULAR FLUID 14 L (ROUGHLY 1/3 OF TBW) PLASMA 4 L (ROUGHLY ¼ OF ECF) IMPORTANCE Maintaining ECF volume is critical to maintaining blood pressure ECF osmolarity is of primary importance in long-term regulation of ECF volume ECF osmolarity maintained mainly by NaCl balance: intake: 10.5g/d output: 10g/d in urine īasic Definitions Osmolality (NOT AFFECTED BY THE VOLUME OF SOLUTES IN SOLUTION) Number of osmoles per unit of total weight of solvent (mOsm/kg H 2 O) Osmolality = 290 mOsm/kg Osmolarity Number of osmoles per unit of total volume of solvent (mOsm/ l H 2 O) mOsm/kg = mOsm/ L P Osmolality = 280 - 310 mOsm/kg P Osmolarity = 280 - 310 mOsm/ l Oncotic Pressure: the fraction of plasma osmolarity that is due to plasma proteins īasic Definitions Tonicity Osmolality Physiological term (effective Os P relative to plasma) Solutes that do not cross the cell membrane only counts Chemical term All solutes contributes to Osmolality 2 x Na + + Glucose 285 mOsm/kg Na + x 2 + glucose + BUN 290 mOsm/kg ICF Anions : Cl - (4) HCO 3 - (10) Phosphate ions Cations : Na + (14) K + (140) Mg 2+ (20) Nutrients : High concentrations of proteins.ĬOMPOSITION OF BODY FLUIDS CATIONS (mmol/l) Plasma Interstitial Intracellular Na 142 139 14 K 4.2 4.0 140 Ca 1.3 1.2 0 Mg 0.8 0.7 20 ANIONS (mmol/l) Cl 108 108 4.0 HCO3 24.0 28.3 10 Protein 1.2 0.2 4.0 HPO4 2.0 2.0 11Įxtracellular and Intracellular Fluids Each fluid compartment of the body has a distinctive pattern of electrolytes Extracellular fluids are similar (except for the high protein content of plasma) Sodium is the chief cation Chloride is the major anion Intracellular fluids have low sodium and chloride Potassium is the chief cation Phosphate is the chief anion Wastes : CO 2, Urea, uric acid, excess water, & ions. TBW = 60% of body weight TBW = 60% X 70 = 42 L of water ĭifferences between ECF & ICF ECF Anions : Cl - (108) HCO 3 - (24) Cations : Na + (142 mmol/L ) K + (4.2) Mg 2+ (0.8) Nutrients : O 2, glucose, fatty acids, & amino acids. #Concerning body fluid compartments how to#įluid Compartments 60% of body weight Extracellular fluid ( 1/3) 33% of TBW 20% of body wt Intracellular fluid ( 2/3) 67% of TBW 40% of body wt Interstitial fluid 75% of ECF 15% of body wt Plasma 25% of ECF 5% of body wt Transcellular fluid CSF Intraocular Pleural Peritoneal Pericardial Synovial Digestive secretionsĮxample: How to calculate total body water (TBW)? Q. 2/3 volume of fluids in body ( 67% of total body water). Intracellular fluid (ICF): - fluid inside the cells. contains ions & nutrients needed for cellular life. 1/3 volume of fluids in body ( 33% of total body water). Extracellular fluid (ECF): ( internal environment or the milieu int é rieur) - fluid outside the cells. In average young adult male: Body composition % of body weight Body composition 18% Protein, & related substances 15% Fat 7% Mineral 60% Waterīody Fluids Water content in body is divided into 2 compartments: 1. ![]()
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